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OFFICIAL TITLES GIVEN TO THE POPES OF ROME
The official list of titles of the Pope, in the order in which they are given in the Annuario Pontificio, is: 1> Bishop of Rome, 2> Vicar of Jesus Christ, 3> Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, 4> Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church,
5> Primate of Italy, 6> Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, 7> Sovereign of the State of Vatican City, 8> Servant of the Servants of God.
The official list of titles does not include all the titles that are officially used.
Pope - The best-known title of the Popes, that of "Pope", does not appear in the official list, but is commonly used in the titles of documents, and appears, in abbreviated form, in their signatures. Thus Pope Paul VI signed as "Paulus PP. VI", the "PP." standing for "Papa" ("Pope").
Vicar of Peter and Vicar of Christ -
Early bishops occupying the See of Rome were designated "Vicar of Peter", indicating that they were successors of Saint Peter, the "Prince of the Apostles" or leader of the apostolic Church.
The Roman Missal uses this title in its prayers for a dead Pope.
The designation "Vicar of Christ" was first used of a Pope by the Roman Synod of 495 with reference to Pope Gelasius I. But for long after this the stable designation for the Popes was "Vicar of Peter", while "Vicar of Christ"
was a title used by the Roman Emperors of the East.
Supreme Pontiff and Pontifex Maximus -
The term "Supreme Pontiff" (Summus Pontifex) or, more completely, "Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church" (Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Universalis) is one of the official titles of the Pope.
Inscriptions on buildings and coins often use the Latin title "Pontifex Maximus", which is not to be confused with "Summus Pontifex". The title "Pontifex Maximus" dates back to the early years of the Roman Republic.
Beginning with Julius Caesar, it was associated with the Roman Emperors, until Gratian (359–383), under the influence of Saint Ambrose, formally renounced the title.
It is commonly found in inscriptions on buildings erected in the time of a particular Pope and on coins and medals of his reign, and is usually abbreviated as "Pont. Max." or "P.M."
The phrase literally means "Greatest Pontiff", but is often interpreted as "Supreme Pontiff", which is instead a literal translation of "Summus Pontifex."
The official list of titles of the Pope, in the order in which they are given in the Annuario Pontificio, is: 1> Bishop of Rome, 2> Vicar of Jesus Christ, 3> Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, 4> Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church,
5> Primate of Italy, 6> Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, 7> Sovereign of the State of Vatican City, 8> Servant of the Servants of God.
The official list of titles does not include all the titles that are officially used.
Pope - The best-known title of the Popes, that of "Pope", does not appear in the official list, but is commonly used in the titles of documents, and appears, in abbreviated form, in their signatures. Thus Pope Paul VI signed as "Paulus PP. VI", the "PP." standing for "Papa" ("Pope").
Vicar of Peter and Vicar of Christ -
Early bishops occupying the See of Rome were designated "Vicar of Peter", indicating that they were successors of Saint Peter, the "Prince of the Apostles" or leader of the apostolic Church.
The Roman Missal uses this title in its prayers for a dead Pope.
The designation "Vicar of Christ" was first used of a Pope by the Roman Synod of 495 with reference to Pope Gelasius I. But for long after this the stable designation for the Popes was "Vicar of Peter", while "Vicar of Christ"
was a title used by the Roman Emperors of the East.
Supreme Pontiff and Pontifex Maximus -
The term "Supreme Pontiff" (Summus Pontifex) or, more completely, "Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church" (Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Universalis) is one of the official titles of the Pope.
Inscriptions on buildings and coins often use the Latin title "Pontifex Maximus", which is not to be confused with "Summus Pontifex". The title "Pontifex Maximus" dates back to the early years of the Roman Republic.
Beginning with Julius Caesar, it was associated with the Roman Emperors, until Gratian (359–383), under the influence of Saint Ambrose, formally renounced the title.
It is commonly found in inscriptions on buildings erected in the time of a particular Pope and on coins and medals of his reign, and is usually abbreviated as "Pont. Max." or "P.M."
The phrase literally means "Greatest Pontiff", but is often interpreted as "Supreme Pontiff", which is instead a literal translation of "Summus Pontifex."